Tulum: The wall of the Caribbean
公開日:2022/04/05 / 最終更新日:2022/04/05
Tulum is considered one of the crucial representative places of Quintana Roo. Might it be because of the spectacular view it provides to the Caribbean Sea with its incredible turquoise tones? Or is it perhaps because of the vestiges of the enigmatic Mayan tradition that lie in it? Positioned south of the city of Cancun, it was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO and received the distinction of Magic Town in 2015.
In keeping with information from INAH, in the sixteenth century Tulum had the name of Zama , which means ‘morning’ or ‘sunrise’; however over time it obtained its present name, which interprets as ‘wall’ or ‘palisade’.
This magical town is part of a large pre-Hispanic settlement to which the site of Tancah additionally belongs, situated three kilometers to the north. Archaeological research point out that it was one of many most important Mayan cities between the thirteenth and 14th centuries.
The archaeological zone
One of many important points of interest of Tulum is the archaeological zone, which receives more than one million tourists every year. The place is located at kilometer 230 of the Chetumal-Cancun federal highway and might be simply accessed by federal highway 370.
Should you travel to Cancun, practically all the hotels provide the tour to know Tulum and different attractions of the area. One of the benefits of those tours is the help of the guides, who supply an in depth clarification of the history of the site.
The walled enclosure has 25 fundamental structures, between temples and palaces; all have been explored and restored by INAH researchers. In addition, it has a few of the best preserved mural paintings in the Mayan world.
The buildings have the style known as Costa Oriental, attribute of the publish-classical architecture of that region. There are miniature temples, shrines within shrines (small buildings within a bigger one), buildings with deliberately collapsed partitions, as well as palaces with flat roofs and halls that replaced the vaulted roofs characteristic of older Mayan buildings.
A lot of the constructions of the archaeological zone are guarded in their entrances by the representation of a descending god, which seems to have been the protective deity of the city. This god is a representation of the God of Corn and is considered related to the birth and rebirth of humans as a corn plant, a metaphor that may have been current within the concept of the city itself, which looks towards the place of sunrise.
Based on the investigations carried out to this point, it is believed that upon the arrival of the Spaniards, the Tulum-Tancah area may have had a population of as much as 15,000 individuals and could have been inhabited for approximately 750 years.
The principle hallmark of Tulum is the wall that delimits the principle complex on its north, south and west sides, while the japanese sector faces the Caribbean Sea; It has 5 entrances and watchtowers.
The site is presided over by El Castillo, the highest basement, which preserves a temple with three entrances decorated with serpentine columns and two zoomorphic masks at the corners. In entrance, there’s a platform for dances, and to the southwest is the Temple of the Initial Series.
To the north is the Temple of the Descending God, with a small basement on which a building decorated with the image of that deity, the principle iconographic factor of the site, was built. Facing this set is the main road.
One of many buildings with better transcendence is the Temple of the Frescoes, whose mural paintings portray a series of supernatural beings residing within the underworld; These constitute probably the most necessary testimonies of prehispanic Mayan mural painting.
While walking the road, you’ll be able to see the palaces known because the House of Columns and the House of the Halach Uinik.
Within the northeast access, the Casa del Cenote documents the significance that the Mayans gave to the aquatic cult linked to the cenotes, and close to there’s the Temple of the God of the Wind, named for its circular base, associated to Kukulcán.
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