Chemical Trade – The Backbone of Agricultural Development
公開日:2022/01/27 / 最終更新日:2022/01/27
Over very long time, human meals and clothing depended primarily on agriculture. While ever for the reason that historic time, agriculture had always relied on a lot of human labor, which was subject to various kinds of natural conditions. So the development of agriculture was very slow. During the 19th century, using agricultural machinery gradually improved the working conditions. Nevertheless, in agricultural production, it was the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides that really increased the agricultural output in per unit area.
Practice shows that, amongst all the measures to increase the agricultural production, the position performed by chemical fertilizers is forty% to sixty five%. On the premise of the booming in the petrochemical business, artificial ammonia and urea have realized giant-scale production, which makes the output of chemical fertilizer occupy a large proportion within the chemical products. In 1985, the total output of chemical fertilizer in the world amounted to approximately one hundred forty million ton, which made it change into one of many bulk chemical products. In recent years, the development of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer and trace elements fertilizer has additional meet the calls for of different soil buildings and totally different crops.
In the early interval, folks used natural animals, plants and minerals to stop and deal with crop pests and diseases. Till the late nineteenth century, after the formation of modern chemical business, folks began to make use of arsenic preparation to kunwell beetles on potato, and use Bordeaux mixture to stop and treat downy mildew on grapes, so that agriculture started a new era of chemical prevention and treatment. Through the 1940s, numerous pesticides and herbicides, equivalent to organic chlorine, organic phosphorus, were produced and widely used in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and public health. Nevertheless, a number of the pesticides during this period had been rich in residues or poison, which caused ecological air pollution, in order that they had been banned by many countries.
Lately, a number of efficient, low-residue, low-poisonousity pesticides have been developed, including pyrethroid, which is a bionic pesticide and will not pollute the environment. It has been put into industrial production. Because of this, bio-pesticides have grow to be the most active areas in pesticide research currently.
What’s more, plastic film (equivalent to high pressure polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, etc.) has been utilized in fashionable agriculture, which is used for mulching film or greenhouse seedlings. It may possibly significantly increase the output of the crops, so it is now being popularized on a large area.
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