Six Types of Training and Development Strategies
公開日:2022/04/10 / 最終更新日:2022/04/10
1.On-the-job Training and Lectures
The two most incessantly used kinds of training are on-the-job training and lectures, though little research exists as to the effectiveness of either. It’s usually inconceivable to teach someone everything she must know at a location away from the workplace. Thus on-the-job training typically supplements different kinds of training, e.g., classroom or off-site training; but on-the-job training is often the only type of training. It’s usually casual, which means, sadly, that the trainer doesn’t concentrate on the training as a lot as she should, and the trainer might not have a well-articulated image of what the novice must learn.
On-the-job training is not successful when used to keep away from creating a training program, though it could be an effective a part of a well-coordinated training program.
Lectures are used because of their low value and their capacity to reach many people. Lectures, which use one-way communication as opposed to interactive learning strategies, are a lot criticized as a training device.
2. Programmed Instruction (PI)
These units systematically present information to the learner and elicit a response; they use reinforcement rules to promote appropriate responses. When PI was initially developed in the Nineteen Fifties, it was thought to be useful only for fundamental subjects. Right now the method is used for skills as diverse as air traffic management, blueprint reading, and the analysis of tax returns.
3. Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI)
With CAI, students can be taught at their own tempo, as with PI. Because the student interacts with the computer, it is believed by many to be a more dynamic learning device. Educational alternatives will be quickly selected to suit the student’s capabilities, and performance may be monitored continuously. As instruction proceeds, data are gathered for monitoring and improving performance.
4. Audiovisual Techniques
Both television and film lengthen the range of skills that may be taught and the way info may be presented. Many systems have digital blackboards and slide projection equipment. The usage of strategies that combine audiovisual systems comparable to closed circuit television and telephones has spawned a new time period for this type of training, teletraining. The characteristic on ” Sesame Street ” illustrates the design and analysis of considered one of television’s favorite children’s program as a training device.
5. Simulations
Training simulations replicate the essential characteristics of the real world which can be necessary to produce both learning and the switch of new knowledge and skills to application settings. Each machine and other forms of simulators exist. Machine simulators typically have substantial degrees of. physical fidelity; that is, they symbolize the real world’s operational equipment. The principle function of simulation, nevertheless, is to produce psychological fidelity, that is, to reproduce within the training these processes that shall be required on the job. We simulate for a number of reasons, including to regulate the training surroundings, for safety, to introduce feedback and other learning rules, and to reduce cost.
6. Business games
They are the direct progeny of war games that have been used to train officers in fight techniques for hundreds of years. Almost all early business games had been designed to teach fundamental business skills, however more current games also embody interpersonal skills. Monopoly might be considered the quintessential enterprise game for young capitalists. It’s probably the primary place kids discovered the words mortgage, taxes, and go to jail.
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