Six Types of Training and Development Techniques
公開日:2022/04/10 / 最終更新日:2022/04/10
1.On-the-job Training and Lectures
The 2 most continuously used kinds of training are on-the-job training and lectures, though little research exists as to the effectiveness of either. It’s often not possible to show somebody everything she must know at a location away from the workplace. Thus on-the-job training usually supplements different kinds of training, e.g., classroom or off-site training; but on-the-job training is frequently the only form of training. It is usually casual, which means, sadly, that the trainer does not concentrate on the training as much as she should, and the trainer may not have a well-articulated picture of what the novice must learn.
On-the-job training will not be profitable when used to keep away from growing a training program, although it could be an efficient part of a well-coordinated training program.
Lectures are used because of their low cost and their capacity to achieve many people. Lectures, which use one-way communication versus interactive learning strategies, are a lot criticized as a training device.
2. Programmed Instruction (PI)
These units systematically present data to the learner and elicit a response; they use reinforcement rules to promote appropriate responses. When PI was initially developed within the 1950s, it was regarded as useful only for fundamental subjects. Immediately the strategy is used for skills as diverse as air site visitors control, blueprint reading, and the evaluation of tax returns.
3. Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI)
With CAI, students can learn at their own pace, as with PI. Because the student interacts with the pc, it is believed by many to be a more dynamic learning device. Educational alternatives may be quickly chosen to suit the student’s capabilities, and performance will be monitored continuously. As instruction proceeds, data are gathered for monitoring and improving performance.
4. Audiovisual Techniques
Each television and film lengthen the range of skills that can be taught and the way information may be presented. Many systems have electronic blackboards and slide projection equipment. The usage of techniques that combine audiovisual systems comparable to closed circuit television and telephones has spawned a new term for this type of training, teletraining. The function on ” Sesame Street ” illustrates the design and analysis of one in every of television’s favorite children’s program as a training device.
5. Simulations
Training simulations replicate the essential characteristics of the real world that are necessary to produce both learning and the switch of new knowledge and skills to application settings. Each machine and different types of simulators exist. Machine simulators usually have substantial degrees of. physical fidelity; that is, they signify the real world’s operational equipment. The main function of simulation, however, is to produce psychological fidelity, that is, to reproduce within the training those processes that shall be required on the job. We simulate for a number of reasons, including to regulate the training atmosphere, for safety, to introduce feedback and other learning rules, and to reduce cost.
6. Business games
They’re the direct progeny of war games which were used to train officers in combat techniques for hundreds of years. Almost all early enterprise games have been designed to show basic enterprise skills, however more latest games also embody interpersonal skills. Monopoly is likely to be considered the quintessential business game for young capitalists. It’s probably the first place children discovered the words mortgage, taxes, and go to jail.
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