Why are women living longer than men?
公開日:2022/01/23 / 最終更新日:2022/01/23
Everywhere in the world women live longer than men – but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn’t live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live so more than men do today, and okss7.com/board_Emco28/281653 why does this benefit increase in the past? The evidence is limited and we have only partial answers. Although we know that there are biological, behavioral as well as environmental factors which all play a part in women’s longevity more than males, we aren’t sure the extent to which each factor plays a role.
It is known that women live longer than men, regardless of their weight. However this isn’t because of certain non-biological factors have changed. These variables are evolving. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Certain are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women’s longevity disproportionately.
Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that all countries are above the line of parity diagonally. This means that a newborn girl from any country can expect to live longer than her brother.
This chart illustrates that, while there is a female advantage across all countries, differences between countries can be significant. In Russia, women live 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan there is a difference of less that half a year.
__S.17__
__S.19__
The advantage women had in terms of life expectancy was lower in developed countries than it is now.
Let’s look at how female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The chart below illustrates the men and women’s life expectancies at the time of birth in the US between 1790-2014. Two specific points stand out.
The first is that there is an upward trend. Both genders living in America are living longer than they used to 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.
And second, there is an ever-widening gap: female advantage in life expectancy used to be very modest however, it has increased significantly over the last century.
If you select the option “Change country in the chart, you are able to confirm that the two points are also applicable to other countries that have available information: Sweden, France and the UK.
「Uncategorized」カテゴリーの関連記事